Pas moins de 9 sessions portées par des membres de l’AFEQ-CNF INQUA ont été retenues pour le prochain colloque de l’INQUA, du 25 au 31 juillet 2019. Une large palette de thématiques sont représentées, témoignant du dynamisme et de la diversité de notre association. Pensez à soumettre vos résumé avant le 9 janvier 2019 !
Southern Hemisphere Assessment of PalaeoEnvironments (SHAPE)
Andrew Lorrey (National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, New Zealand)
Brian Chase* (Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution-Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, France)
Maisa Rojas (Universidad de Chile)
Steven Phipps (University of Tasmania, Australia)
The research aligned to the PALCOM International Focus group SHAPE has sought to reconstruct atmospheric and oceanic circulation patterns and climate dynamics through glacial-interglacial cycles using both proxy data and climate model simulations. Regional and intra-hemispheric collaborations that have started in SHAPE have gathered information from spatially-distributed climate reconstructions and revealed important patterns and dynamics in the global circulation system. In this session, we will focus particularly on work that has refined our understanding of the behaviour of key Southern Hemisphere climate modes and used integrative approaches and model simulations to understand regional observations, triggers of climate change, climate dynamics, and mechanisms of intra- and inter-hemispheric climate teleconnections from a holistic Southern Hemisphere or global perspective. This session welcomes all presentations regarding proxy development, tools and techniques, key findings, data syntheses and modelling results relating to Southern Hemisphere Quaternary climate change.
Orbital and millennial scale climate changes in ice, ocean and land: observations and model simulations
Maria Fernanda Sanchez Goñi* (EPHE, PSL University &UMR 5805 EPOC, University of Bordeaux, France)
André Bahr (Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Heidelberg, Germany)
Nathaelle Bouttes (LSCE/IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris – Saclay, France)
Integrating long paleoclimatic series from different Earth’s archives is crucial for understanding the mechanisms of climatic changes during the Quaternary. First, this integration documents the nature and timing of the different regional environmental responses to a given climate change; secondly, it provides an array of hypotheses against which to benchmark model experiments. In this session we invite presentations dealing with major and still-unresolved questions in Quaternary climates such as: a) what is the regional response of the different glacial-interglacial cycles?; b) what is the potential contribution of the different internal feedbacks in explaining the Middle Pleistocene Transition?; c) what are the mechanisms explaining the Mid-Brunhes Event in CO2 concentrations with lower values during interglacials before, compared to after, 430 ka?; or d) are the interactions between millennial and orbital climate variability the potential missing piece in the puzzle of Ice Age cycles?
Multiproxy studies on continental carbonates: palaeoclimates and palaeoenvironments
Julie Dabkowski* (Laboratoire de Géographie Physique – UMR CNRS 8591, Meudon, France)
Charlotte Prud’Homme* (Research Group of Terrestrial Palaeoclimates, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany)
Eric Verrecchia* (Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics, University of Lausanne, Switzerland)
Continental carbonates have been extensively studied during the last few decades as supports for multidisciplinary palaeoclimatic and palaeoenvironmental research. Most efforts have been concentrated on speleothems, but investigations on tufa, travertine, lacustrine, palustrine, soil, and biogenic (shells, earthworm granules, etc.) carbonates are also rapidly developing with improved and new technologies. Continental carbonates are highly suitable for combining geochemical approaches (e.g. stable isotopes) with direct dating on calcite (14C, U-Th series, ESR) or grains embedded in calcite (OSL). Additionally, in most cases, bioproxies (pollen, molluscs, leaf imprint, etc.) usually associated with these carbonates allow synergic and independent palaeoenvironmental investigations.
The present session aims to illustrate the wide diversity of climatic and environmental data obtained from carbonates in continental archives. Contributions presenting multidisciplinary approaches are highly welcome. Continental carbonates from any kind of crystallisation processes (physicochemical/biological) or environments (open-air, karst, soils, thermal or meteoric water, etc.) should be represented. Finally, we encourage authors to discuss their own data regarding other regional to globally significant records, which would highlight the important contribution of continental carbonate studies to the understanding of past climate and environment dynamics.
Are Heinrich Stadials cooling or warming events, or both?
Gordon Bromley (National University of Ireland, Galway)
Samuel Toucanne* (Ifremer, Centre Bretagne)
Stephen Barker (Cardiff University)
Heinrich stadials are an intrinsic feature of Earth’s climate system and are associated with large-scale, typically rapid shifts in temperature, precipitation, ocean circulation, and atmospheric chemistry. In the North Atlantic Ocean, these events are also characterised by the deposition of ice-rafted ‘Heinrich layers’. Thanks in large part to the methodologic refinement of palaeoclimate proxies, the last decade has seen a remarkable increase in the spatial coverage and quality of climate data pertaining to Heinrich stadials, particularly those during the last glacial maximum and termination. In the Southern Hemisphere, and potentially also the tropics, Heinrich stadials appear to have been distinct warming events marked by massive deglaciation and ocean-surface heating. In contrast, the prevailing view from the Northern Hemisphere is one of Heinrich stadial cooling, linked to weakening of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation. Yet emerging data from both the marine and terrestrial realms hint at elements of boreal stadial warmth, raising the question of whether Heinrich stadials in these latitudes are also periods of amplified seasonality.
The goal of this session is to bring together the latest terrestrial and marine data from key sites in order to review, holistically, our understanding of Heinrich stadials as abrupt climate change events: how they are manifest, and the driving processes involved. Our particular emphasis is on the most recent stadial events, for which data are generally most abundant, but we stress the temporal and geographic scope of this session is broad. Ultimately, we aim to foster a new discussion on the impact and causes of Heinrich stadials, based around well-dated palaeoclimate records and taking into account both the marine and terrestrial contexts.
Following the meeting, it is our intention to publish a special volume based on this session in Quaternary International (or Paleoceanography & Paleoclimate?).
Earthquake Geology and Seismic Hazards: from Earthquake Mapping of historical and prehistoric earthquakes to paleoseismology
Ioannis Papanikolaou, Stéphane Baize*, Christoph Grützner
This session, supported by the IFG on Earthquake Geology and Seismic Hazards, encourages contributions dealing with multidisciplinary approaches (fault trenching, geophysics, remote sensing, dating, etc.) applied to earthquake geology, paleoseismology, and fault specific seismic hazard assessment. Geological approaches are very important because they provide insights on the long-term behavior of fault-networks, a keystone of seismic hazard studies. Quantitative assessments include geologically recorded slip rates, earthquake time history and magnitude of large paleo-events. Earthquake geology is also the key approach to analysis of surface faulting hazard that could threaten facilities or infrastructures. Recent techniques and developments allow the quantification of the overall surface deformation during historical and recent surface-breaking earthquakes, contributing to the improvement of future Fault Displacement Hazard analyses. This session will particularly examine: i) how to improve the capability of the recognition and characterization of Quaternary capable faults, ii) how to strengthen our knowledge of the relation between surface faulting produced by earthquakes vs earthquake sizes and earthquake fault parameters, both being key aspects in Ground Shaking estimation iii) upgrade the existing EEE (Earthquake Environmental Effects) database.
The European Loess Belt – a high-resolution archive of rapid environmental change
Pierre Antoine* (Laboratoire de Géographie Physique – UMR CNRS 8591, Meudon, France)
Ludwig Zöller* (Lehrstuhl Geomorphologie Universitaet Bayreuth, Germany)
Detecting rapid climate changes during the Last Glacial in Greenland ice cores (D-O cycles) has generated major research efforts during the last 20 years to evidence their impact on European environments using sedimentary archives and especially loess-palaeosol records. Indeed, the great European Loess Belt is ideally located with respect to the Ice sheets and the North Atlantic Ocean to record this impact in both loess and palaeosols. In this context it has been proposed in 2001 to focus on a transect through the northern branch of the European loess belt during the INQUA-SEQS meeting in Kyiv.
High-resolution pedostratigraphic approaches coupled with sedimentological analysis (especially particle grain-size), led to the discovery of millennial-scale cyclic loess-palaeosols alternations correlated to Greenland stadial-interstadials cycles. Moreover, several horizons of periglacial structures were observed within loess series testifying of at least four permafrost development and degradation phases between about 60 and 20 ka.
The session will gather presentations and posters focusing on:
1) High resolution stratigraphy and reconstruction of palaeoenvironmental conditions combining multi-proxy approaches of the best loess-palaeosol sequences: sedimentology, bio-indicators, soil geochemistry, organic biomarkers, environmental magnetism, periglacial features …
2) Updating the geochronological frame by coupling luminescence and 14C dating methods, focusing especially on new developments in dating techniques.
3) Developments in data-model (numerical) comparisons to test palaeoclimate configurations leading to stadial-interstadial successions and phases of permafrost development and decrease (ice-sheets, sea surface conditions, wind power and directions …).
4) Understanding the impact of climate change on Palaeolithic peopling of the great European loess plain.
Heinrich events in Terrestrial archives
Dominik Faust* (TU Dresden, Germany)
Hartmut Heinrich (10° E maritime consulting)
Pierre Antoine* (Laboratoire de Géographie Physique – UMR CNRS 8591, Meudon, France)
Heinrich events were catastrophic collapses of continental ice sheets during glacial periods. At that time, vast quantities of icebergs more or less periodically calved into the North Atlantic, causing an interruption of the oceanic heat conveyor belt leading to dramatic changes of the climate on a global scale for a period of several hundreds of years. They are not only an interesting paleo-climatological phenomenon but also a stratigraphic and diagnostic tool for climate and environmental reconstructions.
Linking evidences on rapid climate changes in terrestrial archives to similar marine phenomena such as Heinrich Events is challenging. The session aims to transfer knowledge obtained from marine records unto the land surface. We invite contributions that aim to bridge between disciplines. We especially ask young researchers to present their ideas.
The session will be opened by a keynote talk:
Heinrich events – sources of abrupt climatic changes by Hartmut Heinrich
The Future of Quaternary Geochronology
Paula Reimer Manfred Frechen, Geoff Duller, Mathieu Duval*, Kirsty Penkman, Gilles Rixhon, Katrin Lasberg, Yan Li
Many of the techniques utilised in Quaternary geochronology have evolved in recent years allowing higher precision, longer timescales or wider ranging applications. Intercomparison exercises and re-measurement of standards have enhanced the accuracy. In addition new methods for calculating ages from raw measurements have been developed, as well as the incorporation of associated information (e.g. stable isotopes, sediment properties, models of the underlying system, etc.) into statistical models to provide improved corrections or interpretation of results. This session will highlight current and potential advances in geochronological techniques over the entire range of the Quaternary as well as novel or complex applications and integration of records and timescales using these methods.
Quaternary data without frontiers: the International Quaternary Map of Europe 1 : 2.5 Million
Kristine Asch and Philip Gibbard*
The International Quaternary Map of Europe is an international cooperation project , coordinated by BGR, that began at 2011 at INQUA in Bern. There are by now 31 national geological surveys (including Russia) participating together with a supporting board of academic advisors contributing to this project.
This map is coordinated and compiled at BGR in international cooperation under the umbrella of CGMW and INQUA.
Subjects to be addressed encompass e.g. onshore/-off shore mapping, glacial extent, glaciated versus non-glaciated areas, regional characteristics, mountains and lowlands, standards and rationalization of terminology, active faults, critical palaeontological and Palaeolithic sites, permafrost distribution, isostacy, direction of ice movements, etc.
*adhérent·e·s de l’AFEQ-CNF INQUA
